When fighting erupted in Sudan鈥檚 capital Khartoum, 25-year-old Arafa was at home alone with her two young children. 鈥淚 spent the night in fear, unable to go out of my house, as people were being killed everywhere,鈥� she said, worrying about how she would protect her five-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.
Panicked by the sounds of shooting and warplanes flying overhead, she tried calling her husband at work, only to learn from friends that听he had been shot dead.
I spent the night in fear, unable to go out of my house, as people were being killed everywhere 鈥撎�Arafa
No time to mourn
With no time to mourn and no clear plan, she fled Khartoum with her two young children in a desperate bid to escape. Setting out by bus, she arrived in Madani, a city 135 kilometres southeast of Khartoum, where a local man offered to help them leave the country.
Together with five others, they were driven to Port Sudan, the country鈥檚 main eastern seaport. From there听they walked for a whole day听before finding transport towards the Egyptian border.
鈥淚 was听scared, tired, and without hope,鈥� she said, noting that she spent 80 hours without food or water. 鈥淭he road was difficult, and the continued sound of gunfire was deafening. I did not think we would make it. I was holding my children in my arms, fearing the war, the journey to asylum, and the long road ahead.鈥�
Across the border towns lacing Sudan, UN agencies are working to help those in need. Here is a snapshot of some of what is happening on the ground:
- In Chad and Sudan, UN agencies are bringing in more than 70,000 core relief items from its global stockpiles.
- In Egypt, the UN is conducting an assessment mission on the needs of people fleeing Sudan.
- The UN and the Egyptian Red Crescent听are delivering听water, food, wheelchairs, and hygiene and sanitary kits to new arrivals.
- A听听and听听run by UNHCR offers up-to-date information for refugees in Egypt.
- UNHCR听听a preliminary听inter-agency regional refugee response plan听on Thursday to address urgent financial needs as soon as possible, which requires $445 million to support the displaced until October.
- At border crossings, the UN Children鈥檚 Fund (UNICEF)听provides families with essential items听and medical services.
- IOM is providing such support services as transportation and accommodation to refugees and returnees at border areas, where the agency has set up听transit centres.
- The UN Population Fund (UNFPA) continues to听听to provide听life-saving health care, distribute supplies for safe births, and to manage obstetric emergencies through a network of midwives.
- WFP provides assistance in the region, and it is urgently appealing for emergency funding, including at least $145.6 million to continue听supporting newly arrived and existing refugees听in Chad, along with host communities.
Nowhere else to go
After crossing the border, they were eventually driven to Cairo and dropped off in a square in the unfamiliar city. With nowhere else to go, Arafa and her children spent the night on the street.
Arafa said that in the morning, a South Sudanese woman was passing by and saw her.
鈥淪he advised me to go to the office of听听and register with them,鈥� she said, adding that her family is now registered for assistance with the agency and is living with the kind South Sudanese woman.
鈥榃e are together, with the refugees鈥�
Like the other countries neighbouring Sudan that have been impacted by the conflict,听Egypt already hosts a large refugee population.
With UNHCR operations in these countries already acutely underfunded, the refugee agency said听听to respond to the humanitarian needs of those fleeing the violence.
That includes about听听for safety.
We are together, hand by hand, with the refugees, listening to them 鈥撎�Randa Osman, UNHCR
Randa Osman, an assistant field officer with UNHCR, provided an update from the Shagarab Refugee Camp in eastern Sudan.
鈥淒espite the ongoing conflict, we are together, hand by hand, with the refugees, listening to them, and听being with the people we serve in all situations听in Sudan,鈥� she said.
Amid airstrikes, armed attacks, and urban warfare, more than 100,000 Sudanese have already reportedly escaped into neighbouring countries, with their harrowing stories echoing the plight of tens of thousands of others who are frantically fleeing, since fierce fighting between rival military groups began on 15 April.
Devastating chaos
For听, who was preparing breakfast for her 11-month-old son in their home near Khartoum airport on that morning,听life changed in an instant. The humanitarian worker had planned on that Saturday to welcome home her husband from a trip ahead of Eid celebrations.
Instead, after days of听devastating chaos, shooting, and violence, she wended through embattled streets to find a way to escape.
Grabbing a few belongings, including some medication and some clothes, she听joined thousands of other families听fleeing for safety.
Her journey from Khartoum to Egypt was a stressful, exhausting mix of heat, hunger, fear, sleepless nights, and mosquito bites, she said.
Now in a safe place, Marwa said听she feels helpless, unable to help those who have remained behind.
鈥淎s a person working in the humanitarian field, it was very hard for me to see this situation but be unable to help,鈥� she said. 鈥淢y husband is still in Kassala, and we have no idea how we鈥檒l be reunited. We鈥檙e still trying to work that out.鈥�
Fleeing with nothing
鈥淲e fled Sudan for Chad,鈥� said Halime Issakh Oumar, who is now a refugee. 鈥淲e want to be safe. There is no security.听We came with nothing, not even food or something to drink.
The stories of Arafa, Marwa, and Halime mirror those of almost听. Another 10,000 Sudanese have fled to听, and, as of Thursday, 47,000 have escaped to safety in Egypt, according UN reports.
In these countries as well as neighbouring Ethiopia and South Sudan, thousands of men, women, and children are arriving, some after perilous journeys, according to the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) and other UN entities.
Assisting growing numbers of refugees
Africa鈥檚 second largest refugee-hosting country,听Sudan hosts more than 1.14 million refugees. Before the onset of the conflict, more than 3.7 million people were internally displaced, and now, there are many more, UNHCR said.
As the warring military factions have repeatedly broken fragile ceasefire agreements, several UN agencies say the numbers of refugees will continue to grow.
The International Organization for Migration () is currently recording听more than 1,000 daily arrivals in Ethiopia, where the majority 鈥� 39 per cent 鈥� are returning Ethiopians, and 17 per cent are Sudanese and third country nationals from more than 50 other countries.
Raghuveer Sharma, who moved to Sudan from India in 2021, had worked at a steel plant outside Khartoum at the outset of the conflict. For a full week,听armed groups had entered the premises daily, looting and firing weapons indiscriminately, taking a hostage, and demanding vehicles and mobile phones, he told听UN News.
鈥淲e made a plan听that as soon as armed groups entered the guest house, we would not let them come inside,鈥� he said. 鈥淎s long as we had vehicles and mobile phones, our lives would be spared.鈥�
Grateful for being evacuated, he said he hopes the situation in Sudan returns to normal soon.
A 鈥榩erfect storm鈥�
The UN estimates that as many as听270,000 Sudanese听could end up crossing the seven international borders of the听48 million-strong nation听鈥� the third largest country in Africa.
UNHCR said on Thursday that the agency is听expecting an outflow of 860,000 refugees听and returnees from Sudan.
The World Food Programme () warned of听听in Chad, where the influx of refugees is unfolding weeks before the onset of the lean season between harvests, which is expected to leave an estimated 1.9 million people severely food insecure.
Pounding rains arriving about the same time, threaten to turn swathes of desert into rivers, imperiling deliveries of key food assistance to the refugees and other vulnerable groups, the agency said.
鈥淚t鈥檚 a perfect storm,鈥� said Pierre Honnorat, WFP Country Director and Representative in Chad. 鈥淭he lean season coming in June, and the rainy season that will cut off all those regions.鈥�
Everything lost 鈥榠n the blink of an eye鈥�
The Sudanese people鈥檚 stories paint a somber picture of how conflict can instantaneously shatter lives.
A 16-year-old Sudanese girl had made it across the Chadian border to safety.
鈥淚 would love to go back to my country,鈥� she said, 鈥渂ut only if we are safe there.鈥�
While many have managed to escape the fighting and reach safety, Arafa said her own family鈥檚 future feels far from secure.
鈥淚 can鈥檛 believe I am here in Egypt now, but听I am still afraid of everything,鈥� Arafa said. 鈥淚 need help. I am afraid of the future. I lost my home, my husband, and my country in the blink of an eye. I don鈥檛 want to lose my children too. I want them to be safe.鈥�
