国产AV

The impact of the pandemic on landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) has been distinct. Given the LLDCs’ geographical constraints, prevention and mitigation measures such as border closures and restrictions have had resounding effects on this group of countries, such as on the timely delivery and availability of necessary goods and flow of income. The pandemic has amplified the pre-existing vulnerabilities that these group of countries experience such as: heavy reliance on transit countries for international trade; high dependency on primary commodities for exports (such as meat, soybeans, minerals, oil etc); inadequate transport, digital and energy connectivity, and limited social protection. This report covers the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different sectors of the LLDCs as well as identifies relevant policy recommendations to mitigate the impact and to build back better.

Download the full report here